Fissure in Ano
Fissure in ano is a troubling and painful condition that affects a great majority of the population world over.
This is a very common Ano rectal disease causing a lot of suffering and discomfort to the patient. There occurs a tear or a crack in the skin lined part of the anal canal. It is usually found in young and middle age people, in women usually during pregnancy but some times seen even in children. Though a small crack, the pain and suffering inflicted by it is of great magnitude. Beside, more often than note, it does not heal permanently and keeps on showing its effects continually .
Fissures are characterized by extreme Pain, Burning sensation & needle pricking sensation during defecation & in extreme cases throughout the day also. Common symptoms are
- A sharp, searing or burning pain in, or around, your bottom, which can last for a couple of hours after you go to the toilet. Some people describe the pain of an anal fissure as like passing broken glass.
- Sometimes small Bleeding during defecation.
- A sentinel pile. This is a tag of skin that can develop on the edge of your anus below the fissure. This can develop after you get the fissure.
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Symptoms, Precautions & Treatments
परि सर्वतो भावेन क्रुन्तीव छिनत्तिव बस्त्यादीनीति परिकर्तिका ||(su chi 34/16 dalhana)
तत्र गुद नाभिमेढ्रबस्तिशिरःसु सदाहं परिकर्तनमनिलसंगे वायुविष्टम्भो भक्तारुचिश्चि भवति||
Sharp shooting pain with pus discharge.
Burning seansation in nabhi (Umbilicus ), Medra (Penis), Basti shira (Neck of bladder)
Acc to kashyapa samhita , there are of 3 types ie , Vataja , pittaja , Kaphaja
शकृता यस्तु संसृष्टमतिसार्येत शोणितम् || प्राक् पश्चाद्वा पुरीषस्य सरुक् सपरिकर्तिकः ||
Patient passes bleeding before and after defecation with severe pain
Fissures are usually caused by trauma to the inner lining of the anus from a bowel movement or other stretching of the anal canal. This can be due to a hard, dry bowel movement or loose, frequent bowel movements. Patients with a tight anal sphincter muscle are more likely to develop anal fissures. Less common causes of fissures include inflammatory bowel disease, anal infections, or tumors. Other causes of anal fissures are Ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, Syphilis and Tuberculosis
क्षामेण अतिम्रुदूकोष्टेन मन्दाग्निना रुक्षेणा वा अतितीक्ष्णोष्णातिलवणमतिरुक्षं वा पीतमौषधं पित्तानिलौ प्रदुष्य परिकर्तिकामापादयति – su chi 34/ 16
Atimrudu Kost: One who is having metabolic dysfunction .
Mandagni – Who is having minimal power of digestion.
Rukshana,Atitikshnoshna, Atilaavna- Who will consume excessive dried foods , Foods which are having hot in potency, Excessive Salt
Anaha – Constipation
Consumption of junk food
Harmful diet
Extended seated job
BAHYA CHIKITSA (EXTERNAL TREATMENT )
शीतम्बुपरिषिक्तं चैनं
Pouring of liquids which are in cold potency in a required stream.
ABHYANTARA CHIKITSA (INTERNAL TREATMENT).
तत्र पिच्छाबस्तिः यष्टीमधुक क्रुष्णतिलकल्कमधुघ्रुतयुक्तः||
यष्टिमधुकसिद्देन तैलेन वा अनुवासयेत्
Piccha Basti is the type of medicated enema using yastimadhu and Krishna tila kalka along with ghrita and madhu .Anuvasana Basti is also a type of enema given through medicated oils .
Surgical treatment—- Agnikarma
Conservative line of management is followed , if patient is not fit for panchakarma and surgical interventions , using , Shigru guggulu , Abhyarishta , Triphala Guggulu , Manibadra Guda etc can be prescribed .